We list all (allegedly) non-Democratic non-Republican US House members during 1902-2000. Data compiled by Richard Winger.
The table indicates that the last congressman to be elected as a third party nominee was Vito Marcantonio (American Labor Party) New York district 18, in 1948. However, he was an incumbent who'd previously been in the Democratic and Republican parties when he got previously elected.
Merlin Hull (Progessive Party) Wisconsin district 9, in 1944, was the last third-party nomineee elected without running as an incumbent previously elected as a major-party nominee. (Although Hull had earlier been elected as a Republican. But then he was out of office for a while before this election.)
Since 1948, various "independents" have been elected, but none were third party nominees and they all were "really" Democrats or Republicans except for Bernie Sanders (Vermont "independent socialist") and Virgil Goode (Virginia independent later associated with the religious rightist "Constitution party").
All below data compiled by Richard Winger.
| YEAR | STATE | DISTRICT | NAME | PARTY LABEL(s) | REAL AFFILIATION (if different than label) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1902 | Pennsylvania | 10 | George Howell | Anti-Machine | |
| 1910 | Georgia | 8 | Samuel J. Tribble | Independent Democrat | Democratic Party |
| Wisconsin | 5 | Victor L. Berger | Social Democrat | Socialist Party | |
| 1912 | California | 1 | William Kent | Progressive | |
| Illinois | 10 | Charles M. Thomson | Progressive | ||
| Illinois | 12 | William H. Hinebaugh | Progressive | ||
| Michigan | 10 | Roy O. Woodruff | Progressive | ||
| New York | 19 | Walter M. Chandler | Progressive | ||
| Pennsylvania | 24 | Henry W. Temple | Washington | Progressive Party | |
| Pennsylvania | 28 | Willis J. Hulings | Washington | Progressive Party | |
| Washington | At-Large | James W. Bryan | Progressive | ||
| Washington | At-Large | Jacob A. Falconer | Progressive | ||
| 1914 | California | 1 | William Kent | Independent, Progressive | |
| California | 6 | John A. Elston | Progressive | ||
| California | 10 | William D. Stephens | Progressive | ||
| Illinois | 11 | Ira C. Copley | Progressive | ||
| Louisiana | 3 | Whitmell P. Martin | Progressive | ||
| Minnesota | 10 | Thomas D. Schall | Progressive | ||
| New York | 19 | Walter M. Chandler | Progressive | ||
| New York | 12 | Meyer London | Socialist | ||
| 1916 | Louisiana | 3 | Whitmell P. Martin | Progressive | |
| Massachusetts | 9 | Alvin T. Fuller | Independent | Independent Republican | |
| Minnesota | 10 | Thomas D. Schall | Progressive | ||
| New York | 12 | Meyer London | Socialist | ||
| Pennsylvania | 30 | M. Clyde Kelly | Washington | Progressive Party | |
| 1918 | Minnesota | 8 | William L. Carss | Independent | Union Labor Party |
| Wisconsin | 5 | Victor L. Berger | Socialist | ||
| 1920 | New York | 12 | Meyer London | Socialist | |
| Pennsylvania | 25 | Milton W. Shreve | Prohibition, Independent | Republican Party | |
| 1922 | Minnesota | 7 | Ole J. Kvale | Independent | Farmer-Labor Party |
| Minnesota | 9 | Knut Wefald | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Wisconsin | 5 | Victor L. Berger | Socialist | ||
| 1924 | Minnesota | 7 | Ole J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | |
| Minnesota | 8 | William L. Carss | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | 9 | Knud Wefald | Farmer-Labor | ||
| New York | 20 | Fiorello H. La Guardia | Socialist, Liberty Bell | Independent Republican | |
| Wisconsin | 5 | Victor L. Berger | Socialist | ||
| 1926 | Minnesota | 7 | Ole J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | |
| Minnesota | 8 | William L. Carss | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Wisconsin | 5 | Victor L. Berger | Socialist | ||
| 1928 | Minnesota | 7 | Ole J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | |
| 1930 | California | 3 | Charles F. Curry, Jr. | write-in | Republican Party |
| Minnesota | 7 | Paul J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Tennessee | 1 | Oscar B. Lovette | Independent | Independent Republican | |
| 1932 | Minnesota | At-Large | Henry Arens | Farmer-Labor | |
| Minnesota | At-Large | Magnus Johnson | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | At-Large | Paul J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | At-Large | Ernest Lundeen | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | At-Large | Francis H. Shoemaker | Farmer-Labor | ||
| 1934 | Minnesota | 3 | Ernest Lundeen | Farmer-Labor | |
| Minnesota | 7 | Paul J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | 9 | Richard T. Buckler | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Wisconsin | 1 | Thomas R. Amlie | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 2 | Harry Sauthoff | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 3 | Gardner R. Withrow | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 7 | Gerald J. Boileau | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 8 | George J. Schneider | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 10 | Bernard J. Gehrmann | Progressive | ||
| 1936 | Minnesota | 3 | Henry G. Teigan | Farmer-Labor | |
| Minnesota | 5 | Dewey W. Johnson | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | 7 | Paul J. Kvale | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | 8 | John T. Bernard | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Minnesota | 9 | Richard T. Buckler | Farmer-Labor | ||
| Wisconsin | 1 | Thomas R. Amlie | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 2 | Harry Sauthoff | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 3 | Garnder R. Withrow | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 7 | Gerald J. Boileau | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 8 | George J. Schneider | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 10 | Bernard J. Gehrmann | Progressive | ||
| 1938 | Minnesota | 9 | Richard T. Buckler | Farmer-Labor | |
| Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 10 | Bernard J. Gehrmann | Progressive | ||
| 1940 | Minnesota | 9 | Richard T. Buckler | Farmer-Labor | |
| Tennessee | 5 | J. Percy Priest | Independent | Democratic Party | |
| Wisconsin | 2 | Harry Sauthoff | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 10 | Bernard J. Gehrmann | Progressive | ||
| 1942 | Minnesota | 9 | Harold C. Hagen | Farmer-Labor | |
| Wisconsin | 2 | Harry Sauthoff | Progressive | ||
| Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | ||
| 1944 | Wisconsin | 9 | Merlin Hull | Progressive | |
| 1948 | New York | 18 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | |
| 1950 | Ohio | 9 | Frazier Reams | Independent | |
| 1952 | Ohio | 9 | Frazier Reams | Independent | |
| 1958 | Arkansas | 5 | Thomas Dale Alford | Independent | Democratic Party |
| 1962 | Tennessee | 5 | Richard Fulton | Independent | Democratic Party |
| 1972 | Massachusetts | 9 | John Joseph Moakley | Independent | Democratic Party |
| 1980 | New Mexico | 2 | Joseph R. Skeen | write-in | Republican Party |
| Pennsylvania | 1 | Thomas M. Foglietta | Foglietta | Democratic Party | |
| 1982 | California | 43 | Ron Packard | write-in | Republican Party |
| 1990 | Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | |
| 1992 | Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | |
| 1994 | Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | |
| 1996 | Missouri | 8 | Jo Ann Emerson | Independent | Republican Party |
| Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | ||
| 1998 | Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | |
| 2000 | Vermont | At-Large | Bernard Sanders | Independent | Vermont Progressive Party |
| 2000 | Virginia | 5 | Virgil H. Goode, Jr. | Independent |
In addition to the above-mentioned winners in regular elections, there were also seven special elections during the 20th century, in which a minor party or independent was elected: (1) California, Henry S. Benedict, Progressive, 10th district, 1916; (2) North Dakota, John M. Baer, Non-Partisan League, 1st district, 1917; (3) Minnesota, Oscar E. Keller, indpendent, 4th district, 1919; (4) Wisconsin, Victor Berger, Socialist, 5th district, 1919; (5) Minnesota, Paul J. Kvale, Farmer-Labor, 7th district, 1929; (6) New York, Leo Isaacson, American Labor, 24th district, 1948; (7) New York, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr., Liberal, 20th district, 1949.
| YEAR | STATE | DISTRICT | NAME | PARTY LABEL (candidate's own party) | OTHER PARTY LABELS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1914 | California | 9 | Charles H. Randall | Prohibition | Democratic |
| 1916 | California | 9 | Charles H. Randall | Prohibition | Democrat, Republican, Progressive |
| 1918 | California | 9 | Charles H. Randall | Prohibition | Democratic |
| 1936 | California | 4 | Franck R. Havenner | Progressive | Democratic |
| 1938 | New York | 20 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | Republican |
| 1940 | New York | 20 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | Republican |
| 1942 | New York | 20 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | Republican, Democratic |
| 1944 | New York | 18 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | Republican, Democratic |
| 1946 | New York | 18 | Vito Marcantonio | American Labor | Democratic |
| 1978 | New York | 1 | William Carney | Conservative | Republican |
| 1980 | New York | 1 | William Carney | Conservative | Republican, Right to Life |
| 1982 | New York | 1 | William Carney | Conservative | Republican, Right to Life |
| 1984 | New York | 1 | William Carney | Conservative | Republican, Right to Life |
Source:
Ballot Access
News volume 17,3 (June 2001)
, sections 17 and 18,
published by Richard Winger (ban.AT.igc.org).